
TO: Interested
Parties
FROM: Lyndsay Pinkus
RE: Summary
of TEACH Act
On
Thursday, June 9, legislation designed
to attract highly qualified teachers to the nation’s poorest schools, the
Teacher Excellence for All Children Act of 2005, was introduced in the House
(H.R. 2835) by its author Representative George Miller (D-CA), and in the
Senate (S. 1218) by Senators Edward Kennedy (D-MA) and Dick Durbin (D-IL). H.R.
2835 has 45 additional cosponsors.
“Teaching
is not just another job,” Rep. Miller said during his introduction of the bill.
“Teaching is a career that must be satisfying in itself, that must attract the
best people, and that must instruct our children to succeed in an increasingly
competitive world.”
Senator
Kennedy said “We took a major step forward in the No Child Left Behind Act and
its recognition that all students deserve first-rate teachers to help them
reach their potential and succeed in life. This act made a bold national
commitment to guarantee a highly qualified teacher in every classroom. But to
reach that goal, we need to recruit, train, retain and support our teachers.”
The
TEACH Act has four specific goals: to increase the supply of outstanding
teachers; to ensure all children have teachers with expertise in the subjects
they teach; to improve teaching by identifying and rewarding the best practices
and expanding professional development opportunities; and to help schools
retain teachers and principals by providing the support they need to succeed.”
The
TEACH Act would double the federal investment in improving teacher quality by
providing an additional $3.4 billion. That funding includes:
The
$3.4 billion does not include additional funding for up-front tuition assistance
for outstanding undergraduates who promise to go into teaching, nor for student
loan forgiveness for veteran teachers. The cost of those provisions would
depend on the number of students and teachers who apply for and receive
up-front tuition assistance or loan forgiveness.
The
TEACH Act would make changes to both Title II of the No Child Left Behind Act
(NCLB) and Title II of the Higher Education Act (HEA).
A
detailed summary of the TEACH Act follows:
Authorizes
a new grant program under Title II of the Higher Education Act, TEACH Grants,
through FY 2013. The Department would pay the institution to provide students
up to $4,000 for each academic year during which that student is in attendance
at an institution of higher education, not exceeding $16,000 for undergraduate
students and $8,000 for graduate students.
Eligibility
for TEACH grants:
§
If an enrolled student,
applicant must be:
o
an eligible student for
purposes of section 484 (other than subsection (r) of such section);
o
have a 3.25 grade point
average or has displayed high academic aptitude by receiving a score above the
75th percentile on at least one of the batteries in an undergraduate or
graduate school admissions test; and;
o
completing coursework
and other requirements necessary to begin a career in teaching, or plans to
complete such coursework and requirements prior to graduating; or
§
If a current or
prospective teacher applying for a grant to obtain a graduate degree, the
applicant must:
o
Be a teacher or a
retiree from another occupation with expertise in a field in which there is a
shortage of teachers, such as mathematics, science, special education, English
language acquisition, or another high-need subject; or
o
Be a current or former
teacher from a high-quality alternative certification route, such as Teach for
America.
Agreement
to serve: Applicants will serve as full-time teachers for a total of not less
than 4 academic years within 8 years after completing the course of study for
which the applicant received a TEACH Grant under this part and teach in an
eligible school in mathematics, science, a foreign language, bilingual
education, or special education, or as a reading specialist, or in another
field documented as high-need by the federal government, state government, or
district and submitted to the Secretary.
Adds
a grant program to Title II of HEA for competitive grants to institutions of
higher education to improve the availability and recruitment of teachers from
among students majoring in mathematics, science, foreign languages, special
education, or teaching the English language to students with limited English
proficiency.
§
Priority is given to
programs that focus on preparing teachers in subjects in which there is a
shortage of highly qualified teachers and that prepare students to teach in
high-need schools.
§
Funds must be used to create
new recruitment incentives to teaching from other majors, with an emphasis on
high-need subjects such as mathematics, science, foreign languages, and teaching
the English language to students with limited English proficiency;
§
Funds may be used to:
o
upgrade curriculum in
order to provide all students studying to become teachers with high-quality
instructional strategies for teaching reading and teaching the English language
to students with limited English proficiency, and for modifying instruction to
teach students with special needs;
o
integrate school of
education faculty with other arts and science faculty in mathematics, science,
foreign languages, and teaching the English language to students with limited
English proficiency through steps such as dual appointments for faculty between
schools of education and schools of arts and science; and integrating
coursework with clinical experience; and
o
develop strategic plans
between schools of education and local school districts to better prepare
teachers for high-need schools, including the creation of professional
development partnerships for training new teachers in state-of-the-art
practice.
§
Permanently extends the
Taxpayer-Teacher Protection Act of 2004
§
Increases loan
forgiveness maximum from $17,500 to $20,000
§
Expands applicability
of loan forgiveness to reading specialists
§
Allows the Department
to provide this loan forgiveness (for both FFEL and Direct Loans) in annual
increments instead of in a lump sum upon the completion of five years of
services.
Adds
a grant program to Title II of NCLB to provide grants to districts to provide higher
salaries to exemplary, highly qualified principals and exemplary, highly
qualified teachers with at least 3 years of experience, including teachers
certified by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, if the
principal or teacher agrees to serve full-time for a period of 4 consecutive
school years at a public high-need elementary school or a public high-need
secondary school.
Eligible
use of funds:
§
Provide up to a $15,000
annual bonus to exemplary, highly qualified principals for each of 4
consecutive school years if the principal commits to work full-time for such
period in a public high-need elementary school or a public high-need secondary
school; and
§
Provide up to a $10,000
annual bonus to exemplary, highly qualified teachers for each of 4 consecutive
school years if the teacher commits to work full-time for such period in a
public high-need elementary school or a public high-need secondary school; or up
to $12,500 as an annual bonus for each of 4 consecutive school years if the
teacher commits to work full-time for such period teaching a subject for which
there is a documented shortage of teachers in a public high-need elementary
school or a public high-need secondary school.
Grantees
must have a system of observation, feedback and evaluation and a system of
early and timely hiring practices.
Priority
is given to districts that prioritize premium pay to principals and teachers
identified for school improvement, corrective action, or restructuring.
Adds a program to Title II of NCLB to provide grants
to school districts to establish and implement a Career Ladders for Teachers
Program.
Through
these grants, the district would:
§
Increase salaries for teachers
in high-need elementary schools and high-need secondary schools to correspond
to the increasing responsibilities and leadership roles assumed by the teachers
as they take on new professional roles (such as serving on school leadership
teams, serving as instructional coaches, and serving in hybrid roles),
including by providing up to $10,000 as an annual augmentation to master
teachers and providing up to $5,000 as an annual augmentation to mentor
teachers
§
Provide up to $4,000 as
an annual bonus to all career teachers, master teachers, and mentor teachers in
high-need elementary schools and high-need secondary schools based on a
combination of :
o
at least 3 classroom
evaluations over the course of the year that shall (i) be conducted by multiple
evaluators, including master teachers and the principal; (ii) be based on
classroom observation at least 3 times annually; and (iii) be evaluated against
research-validated benchmarks that use planning, instructional, and learning
environment standards to measure teacher performance; and
o
the performance of the
teacher's students as determined by (i) student growth on any test that is
required by the State educational agency or local educational agency and is
administered to the teacher's students; or (ii) in States or local educational
agencies with value-added longitudinal data systems, whole-school value-added
student achievement gains and classroom-level value-added student achievement
gains; or (3) provides up to $4,000 as an annual bonus to principals in
elementary schools and secondary schools based on the performance of the
school's students, taking into consideration whole-school value-added student
achievement gains in States that have value-added longitudinal data systems and
in which information on whole-school value-added student achievement gains is
available.
In order to be eligible for these grants, the percentage of teachers required by prevailing
union rules must vote affirmatively to adopt the program, or in States that do
not recognize collective bargaining between local educational agencies and
teacher organizations, at least 75 percent of the teachers in the local
educational agency vote affirmatively to adopt the program.
Definitions:
§
“Career teacher” means
a teacher who has a bachelor's degree and full credentials or alternative
certification including a passing level on elementary or secondary subject
matter assessments and professional knowledge assessments.
§
“Mentor teacher” means
a teacher who
o
has a bachelor's degree
and full credentials or alternative certification including a passing level on
any applicable elementary or secondary subject matter assessments and
professional knowledge assessments;
o
has a portfolio and a
classroom demonstration showing instructional excellence;
o
has an ability, as
demonstrated by student data, to increase student achievement through utilizing
specific instructional strategies;
o
has a minimum of 3
years of teaching experience;
o
is recommended by the
principal and other current master and mentor teachers;
o
is an excellent
instructor and communicator with an understanding of how to facilitate growth
in the teachers the teacher is mentoring; and
o
performs well as a
mentor in established induction and peer review and mentoring programs.
§
“Master teacher” means
a teacher who
o
holds a master's degree
in the relevant academic discipline;
o
has at least 5 years of
successful teaching experience, as measured by performance evaluations, a
portfolio of work, or National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
certification;
o
demonstrates expertise in
content, curriculum development, student learning, test analysis, mentoring,
and professional development, as demonstrated by an advanced degree, advanced
training, career experience, or National Board for Professional Teaching
Standards certification;
o
presents student data
that illustrates the teacher's ability to increase student achievement through
utilizing specific instructional interventions;
o
has instructional
expertise demonstrated through model teaching, team teaching, video
presentations, student achievement gains, or National Board for Professional
Teaching Standards certification;
o
may hold a valid
National Board for Professional Teaching Standards certificate, may have passed
another rigorous standard, or may have been selected as a school, district, or
State teacher of the year; and
o
is currently
participating, or has previously participated, in a professional development
program that supports classroom teachers as mentors.
Adds a program to Title II of NCLB to provide grants (to
states; high need school districts; or partnerships of high-need school
districts and an institution of higher education, a teacher organization, or
any other nonprofit education organization) to develop “state of the art”
teacher induction programs. It also requires the to Secretary to commission an independent
evaluation of state-of the-art teacher induction programs supported under this
grant program to compare the design and outcome of various models of induction
programs.
A
state-of the-art teacher induction program would provide new teachers a minimum
of 3 years of extensive, high-quality, comprehensive induction into the field
of teaching; and include:
§
structured mentoring
from highly qualified master or mentor teachers who are certified, have
teaching experience similar to the grade level or subject assignment of the new
teacher, and are trained to mentor new teachers;
§
at least 90 minutes
each week of common meeting time for a new teacher to discuss student work and
teaching under the director of a master or mentor teacher;
§
regular classroom
observation in the new teacher's classroom;
§
observation by the new
teacher of the mentor teacher's classroom;
§
intensive professional
development activities for new teachers that result in improved teaching
leading to student achievement, including lesson demonstration by master and
mentor teachers in the classroom, observation, and feedback;
§
training in effective
instructional services and classroom management strategies for mainstream
teachers serving students with disabilities and students with limited English
proficiency;
§
observation of teachers
and feedback at least 4 times each school year by multiple evaluators,
including master teachers and the principals, using research-validated
benchmarks of teaching skills and standards that are developed with input from
teachers;
§
paid release time for
the mentor teacher for mentoring, or salary supplements for mentoring new
teachers at a ratio of one full-time mentor to every 12 new teachers;
§
a transition year to
the classroom that includes a reduced workload for beginning teachers; and
§
a standards-based
assessment of every beginning teacher to determine whether the teacher should
move forward in the teaching profession, which assessment may include
examination of practice and a measure of gains in student learning.
Adds a program to Title II of NCLB to provide grants
to school districts to establish peer mentoring and review programs, through
collective bargaining agreements or, in States that do not recognize collective
bargaining between local educational agencies and teacher organizations,
through joint agreements between the local educational agency and affected
teacher organizations.
Applications for the program must include:
§
Data from the applicant
on recruitment and retention prior to implementing the induction program;
§
Measurable goals for
increasing retention after the induction program is implemented;
§
Measures that will be
used to determine whether teacher effectiveness is improved through
participation in the induction program; and
§
A plan for evaluating
and reporting progress toward meeting the applicant's goals.
Grantees
would submit progress reports on an annual basis.
Adds a program to Title II of NCLB to provide grants
to not more than 10 states to develop, implement, and evaluate pilot programs
for performance-based certification and training of exemplary, highly qualified
principals who can drive gains in academic achievement for all children. The
grants will be for a maximum of 5 years and be performance based, with priority
will be given to states that will use the grants for one or more high-need
district or school. States receiving grants shall use evaluation results of the
pilot program to inform the design of certification needed for individuals to become
school leaders in the State.
Grants must be used to pilot the development, implementation, and evaluation
of a statewide performance-based system for certifying principals. These
programs must:
§
pilot and demonstrate
the effectiveness of statewide performance-based certification through support
for innovative performance-based programs on a smaller scale;
§
provide for
certification of principals by institutions with strong track records, such as
a local educational agency, nonprofit organization, or business school, that is
approved by the State for purposes of such certification and has formalized
partnerships with in-State local educational agencies;
§
include evaluation of
the results of the pilot program and other in-State programs of principal preparation
(which evaluation may include value-added assessment scores of all children in
a school and should emphasize the correlation of academic achievement gains in
schools led by participating principals and the characteristics and skills
demonstrated by those individuals when applying to and participating in the
program) to inform the design of certification of individuals to become school
leaders in the State; and
§
make possible interim
certification for up to 2 years for aspiring principals participating in the
pilot program who a) have not yet attained full certification; b) are serving
as assistant principals or principal residents, or in positions of similar
responsibility; and c) have met clearly defined criteria for entry into the
program that are approved by the applicable local educational agency.
Grants
may also be used to develop, sustain, and expand model programs for recruiting
and training aspiring and new principals in both instructional leadership and
general management skills.
§
Grants the authority to
the Secretary to contract with an objective evaluation firm to conduct a study
to be submitted to Congress to assess the validity of any test used for teacher
certification or licensure by multiple States, taking into account the passing
scores adopted by multiple States. The study shall determine a) the extent to
which tests of content knowledge represent subject mastery at the baccalaureate
level; b) whether tests of pedagogy reflect the latest research on teaching and
learning; and c) the relationship, if any, between teachers' scores on
licensure and certification exams and other measures of teacher effectiveness,
including learning gains achieved by the teachers' students.
§
Authorizes one grant to
an eligible partnership to create, based on this study, a model
performance-based assessment of teaching skills that reliably evaluates
teaching skills in practice and can be used to facilitate the portability of
teacher credentials and licensing from one State to another. The eligible
partnerships will consist of an independent professional organization; and an
organization that represents administrators of State educational agencies.
§
Teacher and Principal
Evaluation: This new program would
provide grants to states to develop and implement statewide data systems
to collect and analyze data on the effectiveness of elementary school and
secondary school teachers and principals, based on value-added student
achievement gains, for the purposes of a) determining the distribution of
effective teachers and principals in schools across the State; b) developing
measures for helping teachers and principals to improve their instruction; and
c) evaluating the effectiveness of teacher and principal preparation programs.
These statewide data systems must, at a minimum:
o
track student
course-taking patterns and teacher characteristics, such as certification
status and performance on licensure exams; and
o
allow for the analysis
of gains in achievement made by individual students over time, including gains
demonstrated through student academic assessments and tests required by the
State for course completion.
§
Teacher Training- This
new program would provide grants to institutions of higher education, local
educational agencies, nonprofit organizations, and teacher organizations to
develop and implement innovative programs to provide preservice and in-service
training to elementary and secondary schools on a) understanding increasingly
sophisticated student achievement data, especially data derived from
value-added longitudinal data systems; and b) using such data to improve
classroom instruction.
§
Authorizes the Secretary
to contract with the National Academy of Sciences to evaluate the quality of
data on the effectiveness of elementary and secondary school teachers, based on
value-added student achievement gains; and to compare a range of models for
collecting and analyzing such data.
Amends
requirements so that the Schools and Staffing Survey is published not later
than the end of fiscal year 2006, and every 3 years thereafter.
Adds
a new grant program to Title II of NCLB to authorize three-year grants to
eligible entities for the establishment and operation of new teacher centers or
the support of existing teacher centers. Special consideration is to be given to
high need school districts or consortiums including a high need district.
Required Activities:
§
The center must operate
under the supervision of a teacher center policy board
§
Provide high-quality
professional development to teachers to assist them in improving their
knowledge, skills, and teaching practices in order to help students to improve
their achievement and meet State academic standards.
§
Providing teachers with
information on developments in curricula, assessments, and educational
research, including the manner in which the research and data can be used to
improve teaching skills and practice.
§
Providing training and
support for new teachers.
Permissible
Activities:
§
Assessing the
professional development needs of the teachers and other instructional school
employees, such as librarians, counselors, and paraprofessionals, to be served
by the center.
§
Providing intensive
support to staff to improve instruction in literacy, mathematics, science, and
other curricular areas necessary to provide a well-rounded education to
students.
§
Providing support to
mentors working with new teachers.
§
Providing training in
effective instructional services and classroom management strategies for
mainstream teachers serving students with disabilities and students with
limited English proficiency.
§
Enabling teachers to
engage in study groups and other collaborative activities and collegial
interactions regarding instruction.
§
Paying for release time
and substitute teachers in order to enable teachers to participate in the
activities of the teacher center.
§
Creating libraries of
professional materials and educational technology.
§
Providing high-quality
professional development for other instructional staff, such as
paraprofessionals, librarians, and counselors.
§
Assisting teachers to
become highly qualified and paraprofessionals to become teachers.
§
Assisting
paraprofessionals to meet the requirements of section 1119.
§
Developing curricula.
§
Incorporating
additional on-line professional development resources for participants.
§
Providing funding for
individual- or group-initiated classroom projects.
§
Developing partnerships
with businesses and community-based organizations.
§
Establishing a teacher
center site.
Amends
tax code to include:
§
Tax deduction of $15,00
for teachers or principals in high-need schools
§
Tax deduction of $15,00
for teachers of high-need subjects
“Teacher
of high-need subjects” means any teacher in a public elementary or secondary
school who (A)(i) teaches primarily 1 or more high-need subjects in 1 or more
grades 9 through 12, or `(ii) teaches 1 or more high-need subjects in 1 or more
grades kindergarten through 8, (B) received a baccalaureate or similar degree
from an eligible educational institution with a major in a high-need subject, and is highly qualified.
“High-need
subject' means mathematics, science, engineering, technology, special
education, teaching English language learners, or any other subject identified
as a high-need subject by the Secretary of Education.
§
Makes permanent
above-the-line deduction for certain teacher expenses and increases the amount
from $250 to $500.
Amends
Title II of HEA as follows:
§
State Grant
Accountability Report must include information on making progress on the
following indicators:
o
Percentage of highly
qualified teachers
o
Student academic
achievement
o
Raising standards
o
Initial certification
or licensure
o
Decreasing teacher
shortages
o
Increasing
opportunities for research-based professional development
o
Technology integration
§
Eligible partnership
application must include the following objectives and measures for:
o
increased student
achievement for all students, as measured by the partnership;
o
increased teacher
retention in the first 3 years of a teacher's career;
o
increased success in
the pass rate for initial State certification or licensure of teachers;
o
increased percentage of
highly qualified teachers; and
o
increasing the number
of teachers trained effectively to integrate technology into curricula and
instruction and who use technology to collect, manage, and analyze data to
improve teaching, learning, and decision making for the purpose of improving
student academic achievement.
§
State Report Card on the Quality of Teacher
and Principal Preparation must report on the following, for both traditional
certification or licensure programs and for alternative certification or
licensure programs:
o
A description of the
teacher and principal certification and licensure assessments, and any other
certification and licensure requirements, used by the State.
o
The standards and
criteria that prospective teachers and principals must meet in order to attain
initial teacher and principal certification or licensure and to be certified or
licensed to teach particular subjects or in particular grades within the State.
o
A demonstration of the
extent to which the assessments and requirements are aligned with the State's
standards and assessments for students.
o
The percentage of
students who have completed the clinical coursework for a teacher preparation
program at an institution of higher education or alternative certification
program and who have taken and passed each of the assessments used by the State
for teacher certification and licensure, and the passing score on each
assessment that determines whether a candidate has passed that assessment.
o
For students who have
completed the clinical coursework for a teacher preparation program at an
institution of higher education or alternative certification program, and who
have taken and passed each of the assessments used by the State for teacher
certification and licensure, each such institution's and each such program's
average raw score, ranked by teacher preparation program, which shall be made
available widely and publicly.
o
A description of each
State's alternative routes to teacher certification, if any, and the number and
percentage of teachers certified through each alternative certification route
who pass State teacher certification or licensure assessments.
o
For each State, a
description of proposed criteria for assessing the performance of teacher and
principal preparation programs in the State, including indicators of teacher
and principal candidate skills, placement, and retention rates (to the extent
feasible), and academic content knowledge and evidence of gains in student
academic achievement.
o
For each teacher
preparation program in the State, the number of students in the program, the
number of minority students in the program, the average number of hours of
supervised practice teaching required for those in the program, and the number
of full-time equivalent faculty, adjunct faculty, and students in supervised
practice teaching.
o
For the State as a
whole, and for each teacher preparation program in the State, the number of
teachers prepared, in the aggregate and reported separately by a) level
(elementary or secondary); b) academic major; c) subject or subjects for which
the student has been prepared to teach; and d) teacher candidates who speak a
language other than English and have been trained specifically to teach
English-language learners.
o
The State shall refer
to the data to report on the extent to which teacher preparation programs are
helping to address shortages of qualified teachers, by level, subject, and
specialty, in the State's public schools, especially in poor urban and rural
areas
§
Report of the Secretary
on the Quality of Teacher Preparation shall
provide to Congress, and publish and make widely available, a report
card on teacher qualifications and preparation in the United States, including
all the information reported above, identify States for which eligible States
and eligible partnerships received a grant under this part.
§
Institution and Program
Report Cards on Quality of Teacher Preparation shall provide the following
information, disaggregated by major racial and ethnic groups:
o
PASS RATE:[*]
IN THE SENATE BILL:
§
For the most recent
year for which the information is available, the pass rate of each student who
has completed the clinical coursework for the teacher preparation program on
the teacher certification or licensure assessments of the State in which the
institution is located, but only for those students who took those assessments
within 3 years of receiving a degree from the institution or completing the
program.
§
A comparison of the
institution or program's pass rate for students who have completed the clinical
coursework for the teacher preparation program with the average pass rate for
institutions and programs in the State.
§
In the case of programs
with fewer than 10 students who have completed the clinical coursework for a
teacher preparation program taking any single initial teacher certification or
licensure assessment during an academic year, the institution shall collect and
publish information with respect to an average pass rate on State certification
or licensure assessments taken over a 3-year period.
IN THE HOUSE BILL:
§
For the most recent
year for which the information is available, the pass rate of each student who
has completed at least 50 percent of the requirements for the teacher
preparation program on the teacher certification or licensure assessments of
the State in which the institution is located, but only for those students who
took those assessments within 3 years of receiving a degree from the institution
or completing the program.
§
A comparison of the
institution or program's pass rate for students who have completed at lest 50
percent of the requirements for the teacher preparation program with the
average pass rate for institutions and programs in the state.
§
A comparison of the
institution or program’s average raw score for students who have completed at
least 50 percent of the requirements for the teacher preparation program with
the raw scores for institutions and programs in the state.
§
In the case of programs
with fewer than 10 students who have completed at least 50 percent of
requirements for a teacher preparation program taking any single initial
teacher certification or licensure assessment during an academic year, the
institution shall collect and publish information with respect to an average
pass rate on State certification or licensure assessments taken over a 3-year
period.